A substantial number of ancient Nazca geoglyphs have been identified in the Peruvian desert through the use of artificial intelligence, revealing imagery associated with human sacrifice and domesticated animals. The AI-augmented research process enabled the identification of 303 geoglyphs, underscoring both the potential of technology in archaeology and the urgency for preservation amidst modern threats.
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have led to the remarkable discovery of hundreds of ancient geoglyphs in the Peruvian desert, notably those depicting decapitated human heads and domesticated llamas. These geoglyphs are believed to be creations of the Nazca culture, with the origins traced back approximately 2000 years. Distinct from the larger and more well-known Nazca lines, these newly identified geoglyphs are relatively smaller, measuring around 9 meters in length, and illustrate humanoid forms and domesticated animals. Some of these depictions suggest themes of human sacrifice, featuring imagery of decapitated heads alongside orcas wielding blades. Research conducted by Masato Sakai and his team at Yamagata University employed an innovative AI model trained to search aerial photographs over a vast area equivalent to ten times the size of Manhattan. This model successfully identified potential geoglyph locations by categorizing the likelihood of geoglyph presence in various grid segments. Following AI recommendations, the researchers engaged in over 2600 hours of manual examination, resulting in the identification of 303 discrete geoglyphs, with 178 of these directly identified by the AI system. Karsten Lambers from Leiden University acknowledged the significance of this technology in advancing the understanding of geoglyph distribution across the Nazca region. However, he also advised caution, suggesting that while the AI could identify more prominent geoglyphs, lesser-known figures might still remain undiscovered. Approximately 1000 AI-identified candidates are pending further investigation in future field studies. David Beresford-Jones from the University of Cambridge emphasized the urgency of these discoveries as many of these geoglyphs risk being lost due to agricultural development and urban expansion. The AI’s efficiency in locating these sites not only aids in understanding the ancient Nazca culture but also is critical in preservation efforts against modern encroachments.
The Nazca culture, known for its remarkable geoglyphs etched into the desert floor of Peru, dates back to around 2000 years ago. These geoglyphs vary in size, with the larger Nazca lines stretching several kilometers and representing vast geometric designs and wild animals. The discovery of smaller geoglyphs indicates a more nuanced aspect of their culture and rituals, which may have involved individual or small group activities, contrasting with the community-centric larger structures. The risk posed by modern development on these ancient artifacts necessitates innovative approaches to their discovery and preservation, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze aerial imagery efficiently.
The utilization of artificial intelligence has proven to be a transformative tool in the discovery of ancient Nazca geoglyphs, enhancing both the understanding and preservation of these significant archaeological artifacts. Despite the success of the initial findings, further investigation remains critical to uncovering additional geoglyphs that may hold historical and cultural importance. Immediate action is required to protect these sites from threats posed by modern expansion, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research in this area.
Original Source: www.newscientist.com
