A study from Aalto University reveals that climate change could threaten one-third of global food production, significantly impacting low-latitude regions more severely than others. It highlights the risk to staple crops and emphasizes the need for both mitigation strategies and adaptive measures to secure future food systems.
A recent study published in Nature Food suggests that climate change could jeopardize up to one-third of global food production. Researchers from Aalto University in Finland examined how rising temperatures, altered precipitation, and increased aridity will affect the growing conditions for 30 essential food crops worldwide. This research indicates that staple crops, which account for over two-thirds of the world’s food energy, such as rice, maize, wheat, potatoes, and soybeans, will see a significant reduction in suitable land due to climate change.
The study highlights that low-latitude regions will face more severe consequences than mid- or high-latitude areas, with up to half of crop production in these regions at risk as unfavorable climate conditions emerge. This decline in crop diversity could severely threaten food security. Sara Heikonen, the lead researcher, emphasized that diminishing crop diversity would hinder the cultivation of adequate calories and protein for populations.
Specifically, tropical root crops vital for food security in low-income areas, like yam, as well as cereals and pulses, are notably susceptible. The research warns that sub-Saharan Africa, which will be most affected, risks losing nearly three-quarters of its current crop output if global temperatures rise above 3°C.
In contrast, mid- and high-latitude regions might maintain productive land and even see increased crop diversity, allowing for the cultivation of additional crops such as pears. However, senior author Matti Kummu cautioned that while some conditions may become favorable, the introduction of new pests and extreme weather events linked to climate change could still disrupt agricultural practices.
Heikonen stresses the importance of addressing climate change through mitigation and adaptation strategies to secure future food systems. She noted, “Even if the biggest changes are in equatorial regions, we will all feel the effects through the globalized food system. We need to act together to address these problems.”
In conclusion, the research conducted by Aalto University underscores the critical threats posed by climate change to essential food crops globally. Low-latitude regions are particularly vulnerable, potentially risking significant crop production losses and reduced food diversity. Adapting to climate effects while working collaboratively to mitigate climate change is crucial for ensuring long-term food security. The challenges highlighted call for immediate attention and action from all stakeholders in the global food system.
Original Source: www.aa.com.tr
