A study from the South African Medical Research Council reveals that coal-fired power plants increase death rates by 6% in nearby communities. Utilizing actual data, it indicates that air pollution contributes to severe health issues, particularly affecting children. The findings advocate for closing coal plants and transitioning to renewable energy.
A recent study by the South African Medical Research Council indicates that air pollution from coal-fired power plants in South Africa results in a 6% increase in annual death rates among communities located nearby. This research uniquely utilized actual data rather than merely modeling pollution effects, examining death certificates, childhood pneumonia cases, and air-quality data.
The review is significant as it addresses the health implications of South Africa’s 14 large coal-fired power plants, which supply over 80% of the nation’s electricity. Consequently, South Africa has one of the most carbon-intensive economies globally, affecting its 63 million inhabitants. The study revealed that cardiovascular diseases pose a major concern in municipalities hosting these plants, particularly affecting children under five, who experience increased pneumonia rates.
Previous studies estimated pollution-related deaths from coal-fired plants to exceed 2,000 annually, contrasted with the state utility Eskom’s own estimate of 330. Pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide were identified as contributors to these fatalities. The study, led by Caradee Wright, was funded by the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office as part of a $9.3 billion climate finance agreement.
Further findings indicated that air pollution also leads to pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, and higher incidences of cleft lip and palate birth defects in newborns from affected areas. The researchers advocated for the closure of coal plants, a transition to renewable energy, improved awareness of health risks, and enhanced air quality management.
While South Africa is currently pursuing a transition away from coal, the speed of plant closures remains a contentious issue, particularly in Mpumalanga province, where coal mining supports around 90,000 jobs. Political debates continue regarding the implementation of this energy transition program, highlighting the complex interplay of health, environmental, and economic factors.
The study conducted by the South African Medical Research Council highlights the grave health impacts resulting from coal-fired power plants, particularly in terms of increased mortality rates, especially among vulnerable populations such as children. The necessity for transitioning to renewable energy sources is underscored, alongside the challenges posed by existing economic dependencies on coal mining. This research aims to elevate awareness and initiate critical changes to air quality management to protect public health.
Original Source: financialpost.com
