The NCDC reported 1,319 deaths from diphtheria in Nigeria, with over 42,000 suspected cases since 2022. Kano State accounts for 75% of confirmed cases, while states like Kaduna have alarmingly high mortality rates. Vaccine gaps and inadequate testing amplify the crisis, necessitating urgent public health interventions.
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has reported that the ongoing diphtheria outbreak has resulted in 1,319 deaths across the country. This data was shared through the latest situation report from the National Diphtheria Emergency Operations Centre, highlighting the severe impact of this bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Complications of diphtheria can include breathing difficulties and nerve damage.
Since 2022, over 42,000 suspected cases have been identified across 37 states. In the latest report covering Epidemiological Week 10 of 2025, persistent issues have been noted, such as low vaccination coverage and inadequate laboratory capacity. Notably, Kano State accounts for 75 percent of confirmed cases, while other states like Bauchi, Yobe, and Katsina follow closely in case numbers.
The case fatality rate stands at 5.1 percent, translating to one in every 20 confirmed cases leading to death. Alarmingly, certain states exhibit higher mortality rates, including Plateau with 48 percent and Lagos with a staggering 83 percent. In the most recent reporting week, 23 new suspected cases emerged, predominantly in Lagos and Katsina; however, none were yet confirmed.
The NCDC has initiated reactive vaccination campaigns in high-burden areas and is enhancing community engagement through collaboration with local leaders. Public health specialists express concern that delayed diagnosis and limited access to treatment contribute significantly to high fatality rates. Despite Nigeria’s Expanded Programme on Immunisation, only 19.3 percent of confirmed cases had received the necessary vaccinations, highlighting critical gaps in immunisation, particularly in northern regions.
Dr. Solomon Chollom emphasized the urgency for mass immunisation campaigns targeting children aged one to 14, who represent nearly two-thirds of confirmed cases. Furthermore, he highlighted Nigeria’s limited laboratory testing capacity, as most cases in 2024 were only confirmed through clinical symptoms due to a lack of proper testing resources.
While the government has committed to enhancing laboratory capacities and optimizing protocols, the implementation of these measures has been slow. Experts underline the necessity of a nationwide vaccination effort, improved disease monitoring, and accessible diagnostic materials. As Nigeria confronts one of the most severe diphtheria outbreaks in recent decades, health officials stress that without enhanced vaccination strategies and disease surveillance, the situation might deteriorate further.
The NCDC’s report on the diphtheria outbreak underscores a critical health crisis in Nigeria, with significant mortality rates linked to gaps in vaccination and laboratory capacity. Public health authorities stress the urgent need for mass immunisation campaigns, particularly for children, and enhanced disease surveillance to mitigate potential escalations in the outbreak. The commitment to improve laboratory testing capacities and community engagement is essential for effective management and prevention of future diphtheria cases.
Original Source: dailynigerian.com
